A Global Climatology of Tropopause Folds in CAMS and MERRA‐2 Reanalyses

Tropopause folds are the main mechanism underlying stratosphere-to-troposphere transport and influence tropospheric composition weather systems by triggering convection. Here, we present global climatology of tropopause in Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research Applications, version 2 (MERRA-2) reanalysis atmospheric products time period from 2003 to 2018. We applied a 3-D labeling algorithm CAMS MERRA-2 data detect folding events. In constructing their climatologies, show that bulk vertically shallow mainly found at subtropical zones vicinity jet streams, while deeper also occur over storm tracks, consistent with previous studies. The spatiotemporal characteristics fold captured similar manner MERRA-2, capturing slightly higher frequencies during all seasons. quantitative terms, there is good agreement between R2 values ∼0.9 DJF, MAM, JJA, 0.75 SON. two close regarding intra- interannual variability frequency, temporal correlation scores than 0.7 bands where majority found. reanalyses lower Southern Hemisphere compared Northern Hemisphere. Thus, both those